走进树木的“心脏” – Tippet Rise艺术中心“木质部”展馆 / Kéré Architecture
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Kéré Architecture：為牧場遊客提供安靜休憩空間的Xylem是Tippet Rise藝術中心的一個展館，由Francis Kéré設計。取名為“木質部”是為了呼應樹木中的重要內層結構，遊客們可以聚在這裡交談，欣賞格羅夫溪岸邊的白楊和棉楊木的美麗景色，或是獨自坐下來沉思冥想。
Kéré Architecture：Xylem, the gathering pavilion for the Tippet Rise Art Center, has been designed by Francis Kéré as a quiet, protective shelter for the visitors of the ranch. Named to evoke the vital internal layers of a tree’s living structure, Xylem is a place where visitors may gather to converse, contemplate the views of the aspen and cottonwood trees near the bank of Grove Creek, or sit and meditate in solitude.
展館位於藝術中心的主要場所和徒步路線之間的一個稍微凹陷的地形上，矗立在一片被白楊環繞的空地上，正對著一條小溪。展館完全由原木製成，暗喻參觀者進入了大自然最神秘的部分——樹木的中心。整個展館使用的可持續松木，來自當地的可保護森林免受寄生蟲侵害的自然修剪過程，在其原始外觀中使用。
Located in a slightly sunken landform between the main facilities of the Art Center and the beginning of the hiking tracks, the pavilion rises in a clearing surrounded by aspen trees, facing a small creek. Entirely carved in wooden logs, the pavilion symbolically invites the visitor , who in the Tippet Rise Art Center is confronted with nature at its widest scale, to access the most secret part of nature, the heart of the trees. The sustainable pine wood used for the entire pavilion, locally sourced from a natural pruning process that saves forests from parasitic bugs, is employed in its raw appearance.
在七根鋼柱的頂部，採用耐候鋼六邊形模塊化結構，將頂棚的原木組裝成圓形束孔，為了與周圍山丘地形融為一體，展館頂棚上表面也雕刻成了蜿蜒曲折狀。屋頂的設計靈感來自“托古納(toguna)”，這是每個Dogon村落中的最傳統神聖的空間，一個木質和稻草搭建的遮蔽空間，旨在抵禦陽光照射，同時保持下方陰影空間的通風。
The logs of the canopy are assembled in circular bundles bore by a modular hexagonal structure in weathering steel, lying on top of seven steel columns. The upper surface of the canopy is carved sinuously in order to create a rounded topography that blends in the surrounding hills . At the same time massive and light, the roof is inspired by the “toguna”, the traditional most sacred space in every Dogon village, a wooden and straw shelter designed in order to protect from the sun but at the same time to allow the ventilation of the shaded space underneath.
展館中，陽光穿透垂直原木，創造出斑駁的光影效果，柔和地照射在下方曲線形的木製座位和拋光混凝土製成的圓形平台上。戰略性佈置的複雜座位空間更加突出了周圍迷人的景色，鼓勵遊客根據自己的意願選擇適當的位置坐下賞景。通過這種探索體驗，用戶實際上可以發現展館許多不同的空間配置，人們可以在參觀藝術中心的過程中小聚一群，也可以和朋友聊天，可以和伴侶一起躺著欣賞浪漫的風景，也可以獨自靜坐冥想。
In the pavilion, sunbeams penetrate between the vertical logs, creating a play of light and shadow that softly hits the underlying organically shaped seating, equally carved in wood. and the polished concrete circular platform. The spatial complexity of the seating elements emphasizes the stunning views of the surrounding landscape through strategic positions and encourages different appropria- tions by the visitor, who is invited to inhabit them at his wish. Through exploration, the user can in fact discover the different spatial configurations of the pavilion, gather in small groups or have a chat between friends, lie and watch the romantic views with his partner, or sit and meditate in solitude on his visit of the Art Center.
Xylem歡迎所有遊客以及Tippet Rise附近社區的所有居民，它將蒙大拿州和Burkina Faso聯繫在一起，因為它與甘多的Naaba Belem Goumma中學同時建造，後者是Francis Kéré在Burkina Faso的家鄉獻給父親的作品，它將向Burkina Faso附近地區的兒童開放。
Xylem welcomes visitors and the whole community that revolves around the Tippet Rise Art Center to a unique linkage between Montana and Burkina Faso as it is built in parallel with the Naaba Belem Goumma Secondary School in Gando, Francis Kéré’s home village in Burkina Faso, dedicated to Francis Kéré’s father, which will be open to the children of the entire neighboring area in the Burkinabè savannah.
▼基地平面圖 比例：500 Site Plan – Scale 500
▼展館平面圖 比例：200 Plan – Scale 200
▼展館剖面圖 比例：200 Section – Scale 200
項目名稱：Xylem
地點：美國蒙大拿州Tippet Rise藝術中心
建築師：Kéré Architecture, Diébédo Francis Kéré
設計團隊：Vincenzo Salierno, Nina Tescari
贊助者：Kinan Deeb, Andrea Zaia, Lina Wittfoht, N’Faly Ismaël Camara
客戶：蒙大拿Tippet Rise藝術中心
項目管理：Pete Hinmon, Tippet Rise Art Center, Fishtail, Montana
建築記錄：Laura Viklund, Fishtail, Montana
結構工程：英國倫敦AECOM
結構工程記錄：DCI Engineers, Bozeman, Montana
土木工程：DOWL Engineering, Billings, Montana
總承包商：On Site Management, Bozeman, Montana
木材製造商：Chris Gunn, Gunnstock Timber Frames, Powell, Wyoming
鋼鐵製造：蒙大拿比林斯的TrueNorth Steel公司
鋼結構安裝：西部各州鋼結構安裝，比林斯，蒙大拿州
混凝土：蒙大拿Absarokee的Davis and Sons Construction
設計：2017年12月-正在進行中
建設時間：2018年11月- 2019年6月
開幕：2019年7月
開放狀態：進行中
總佔地面積：256平方米
海拔：1394米
平檯面積：195平方米
平台直徑：15,80米
屋面面積：256平方米
屋頂直徑：18,10米
最大屋頂高度：4,75米
Local Title: Xylem
Location: Tippet Rise Art Center, Fishtail, Montana
Architect: Kéré Architecture, Diébédo Francis Kéré
Design team: Vincenzo Salierno, Nina Tescari
Contributors: Kinan Deeb, Andrea Zaia, Lina Wittfoht, N’Faly Ismaël Camara
Client: Tippet Rise Art Center, Fishtail, Montana
Project Management: Pete Hinmon, Tippet Rise Art Center, Fishtail, Montana
Architect of Record: Laura Viklund, Fishtail, Montana
Structural Engineer: AECOM, London, United Kingdom
Structural Engineer of Record: DCI Engineers, Bozeman, Montana
Civil Engineer: DOWL Engineering, Billings, Montana
General Contractor: On Site Management, Bozeman, Montana
Wood Fabricator: Chris Gunn, Gunnstock Timber Frames, Powell, Wyoming
Steel Fabrication: TrueNorth Steel, Billings, Montana
Steel Erection: Western States Steel Erection, Billings, Montana
Concrete: Davis and Sons Construction, Absarokee Montana
Design: December 2017 – ongoing
Construction: November 2018 – June 2019
Opening: July 2019
Status: on going
Total Footprint Area: 256 m2
Altitude: 1394 m a.s.l.
Platform Area: 195 m2
Platform diameter: 15,80 m
Roof Area: 256 m2
Roof diameter: 18,10 m
Maximum roof height: 4,75 m
更多 Read more about: Kéré Architecture
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