济宁文化中心一期景观 / LDG兰斯凯普

 

LDG兰斯凯普：济宁文化中心包括群艺馆、图书馆、博物馆、美术馆以及配套的商业综合体。项目从构想之初就不同凡响，建筑设计竞赛邀约了包括矶崎新（Arata Isozaki，2019普利兹克奖得主）、马里奥·博塔(Mario Botta)、西泽立卫(Nishizawa Ryue, 2010普利兹克奖得主)、何镜堂院士等世界一流大师和知名的建筑设计单位参与。这是一个难度极大的挑战，济宁文化中心集“文娱、艺术、展览、收藏、创作、商业”等多元功能为一体，各个建筑单体既需要在世界级建筑大师们的创作之下呈现“唯一性”的特色，又需要相互融合，和谐共生。景观的参与和实践正是遵循“有机缝合”这一基本原则，来塑造“整体、共情、协调”的外部公共环境，把多样化的城市文化公共建筑，通过景观环境的创新思维有机地融合为整体，共同构建了文化中心这一综合体，建筑与景观的相得益彰造就了济宁市新的文化地标和“城市名片”。

LDG: Jining Cultural Center includes a group of art exhibition halls, libraries, museums, art galleries and supporting commercial complexes. The project has been extraordinary from the beginning of its conception. The architectural design competition invited Arata Isozaki (Pritzker Prize winner in 2019), Mario Botta, and Nishizawa Ryue (Lizker Prize winner in 2020), academician He Jingtang and other world-class masters and well-known architectural design units participated. This is an extremely difficult challenge. Jining Cultural Center integrates multiple functions such as “recreation, art, exhibition, collection, creation, and commerce”. Each building unit needs to be presented under the creation of world-class architects. The characteristics of “uniqueness” need to be integrated and coexist in harmony. The participation and practice of landscape is to follow the basic principle of “organic stitching” to shape the external public environment of “integrity, empathy, and coordination”, and organically integrate diverse urban cultural public buildings through innovative thinking of landscape environment For the whole, the cultural center is constructed together, and the complementarity of architecture and landscape has created a new cultural landmark and “city name card” in Jining.

 

▼文化中心整体鸟瞰 Overall aerial view of the cultural center

 

▼文化中心一期鸟瞰图-“和而不同”的场馆建筑与景观有机缝合 Aerial view of the first phase of the cultural center-”harmonious but different “venue architecture and landscape are organically connected

 

区位 Location

项目基地位于济宁市太白湖新区核心位置，西侧紧邻太白湖，南侧远眺北湖生态旅游区，周边自然资源十分优越。项目用地紧靠圣贤路与运河路，区域内城市路网交通系统发达。从区位上看，5公里都市圈内有济宁行政中心、市民公园、体育中心、城市展览馆、儿童公园等市级重要项目，文化中心的建设无疑是整体提升城市公共文化水平和城市品牌竞争力的又一个重大举措。

The project base is located in the core location of Taibai Lake New District, Jining City. It is adjacent to Taibai Lake on the west side and overlooks the Beihu Ecological Tourist Zone on the south side. The surrounding natural resources are very superior. The project land is close to Shengxian Road and Canal Road, and the urban road network transportation system in the area is developed. In terms of location, there are important municipal projects such as Jining Administration Center, Civic Park, Sports Center, Urban Exhibition Hall, Children’s Park, etc. within the 5km metropolitan area. The construction of a cultural center is undoubtedly another major measure to improve the overall level of urban public culture and the competitiveness of urban brands.

 

▼项目区位 Location

 

高地公园与绿谷 Highland Park and Green Valley

济宁文化中心一期包含4个独立场馆，场馆建筑布局呈南北向“一字”排开，整体风格端庄大方，又展现“和而不同”的设计理念。在场馆建筑带的东西两侧以及建筑单体之间是建筑外部环境，主要由高地公园和绿谷两部分组成。

The first phase of Jining Cultural Center contains 4 independent venues. The layout of the venues is arranged in a north-south direction. The overall style is dignified and generous, and it also shows the design concept of “harmony but different “. The exterior environment of the building is located on the east and west sides of the buildings of the venue and between the building units, which is mainly composed of highland park and green valley.

 

▼文化中心景观设计构思 Layout of the first phase of the Cultural Center

▼场馆建筑布局呈南北向“一字”排开 The layout of the venues is arranged in a north-south direction

 

高地公园位于场馆建筑东侧，是一个高6米，南北长约690米，面积达33000平方米的超大平台，下部为停车库及配套服务建筑，它将一期单体建筑和二期商业建筑群有机地粘合起来，可以讲高地公园是建筑之间的一个“共情”空间。绿谷位于场馆建筑的西侧，紧靠运河路，大部分人流可以从绿谷进入各个文化建筑。绿谷现状标高比城市道路略低1米左右，且与太白湖生态风景区仅有“一路之隔”，从区位及视线上来看，文化中心西立面是展现城市形象的重要“窗口”。

Highland Park is located on the east side of the stadium building. It is a large platform with a height of 6 meters, a length of about 690 meters from north to south, and an area of 33,000 square meters. The lower part is a parking garage and supporting service buildings. It will be a single building in the first phase and a commercial building in the second phase. The groups are organically bonded together, and it can be said that the highland park is a “empathy” space between the buildings. Green Valley is located on the west side of the stadium building, close to Canal Road, and most people can enter various cultural buildings from Green Valley. The current elevation of Green Valley is about 1 meter lower than that of urban roads, and it is only “one road cross” from the Taibai Lake Ecological Scenic Area. From the location and line of sight, the west facade of the Cultural Center is an important “window” to show the image of the city.

 

▼协调高地公园与绿谷的自然坡地 The natural slopes that harmonize the Highland Park and the Green Valley

▼绿谷局部鸟瞰-自由形态的园路与“梭形”绿地 A partial aerial view of the Green Valley-free-form garden roads and ”spindle ”green spaces

▼场馆建筑之间“缓冲区”景观鸟瞰 Aerial view of the“ buffer” landscape between the venue buildings

▼自然坡地上望湖台鸟瞰 Aerial view of Wanghu terrace on natural slope

 

在景观构思之初，由于场地特征、功能结构、交通方式、竖向高度的不同，高地公园和绿谷被赋予了不同的设计策略。文化建筑的主入口被设置于高地之上，未来高地公园必将是文化建筑和商业建筑游客的交汇“客厅”，人流的聚合和流动需要较大规模的场地设计。同时又由于高地公园依存于地库建筑之上，植物栽植需要和建筑结构模数相吻合，因此高地公园被设计为整体的规则式景观。

At the beginning of the landscape conception, highland parks and green valleys were given different design strategies due to differences in site characteristics, functional structure, transportation methods, and vertical heights. The main entrance of the cultural building is set on the high ground. In the future, the highland park will surely be the “living room” for visitors from cultural buildings and commercial buildings. The aggregation and flow of people requires a large-scale site design. At the same time, because the highland park depends on the basement building, the planting needs to be consistent with the building structure modulus, so the highland park is designed as an overall regular landscape.

 

▼高地公园的规则式景观 The highland park is designed as an overall regular landscape

▼多功能的建筑主入口广场与立体交通 Multifunctional building main entrance plaza and dimensional traffic

▼高地公园雨洪花园 Rainwater Garden in Highland Park

 

而绿谷则有所不同，它不拘泥于建筑，竖向上突出洼地的绿谷感受，可以充分利用西侧人行道和东侧高地公园的竖向高差，通过地形的整体营造来强调空间的自由流动、变化以及自然的风致野趣。规则的高地公园为游客提供了大量随处可停留的林荫休憩空间，而绿谷则通过自由组织的空间形态，分层次地将庞大复杂的竖向、交通、出入口等全部整合在一起。

The Green Valley is different. It is not limited to architecture. It vertically protrudes the green valley feeling of the depression. It can make full use of the vertical height difference between the sidewalk on the west side and the highland park on the east side, and through the overall construction of the terrain, the free flow, change and natural style of the space are emphasized. The regular highland park provides visitors with a large number of tree-lined recreational spaces that can stay anywhere, while the green valley integrates the huge and complex vertical, traffic, entrances and exits in a layered manner through a freely organized spatial form.

 

▼绿谷群艺馆前景观局部鸟瞰 Partial aerial view of the landscape in front of the Green Valley Art Exhibition Hall

▼绿谷群艺馆前自由形态的景观 Free-form landscape in front of the Green Valley Art Exhibition Hall

▼绿谷图书馆主入口镜面水池 The mirror pool at the main entrance of the Green Valley Library

 

高地公园理性的模数空间和绿谷的自由形态形成了较强烈的对比，从设计的效果来看，无论理性还是自由缺一不可，都是建筑个体特征及其群体关系最佳演变的结果，也都是建筑自身功能需求造就的结果。

The rational modular space of the Highland Park and the free form of Green Valley form a strong contrast. From the perspective of the design effect, both rationality and freedom are indispensable, and they are the result of the best evolution of the individual characteristics of the building and its group relationship. It is also the result of the functional requirements of the building itself.

 

▼高地公园理性的模数空间 Highland Park-rational modular space

▼高地公园南北向与东西向步行空间 North-south and east-west walking space in Highland Park

▼高地公园链接各个下沉广场或场馆次入口的通道 The highland park links various sinking plazas or the secondary entrance of the venue

▼高地公园模数化精细铺装与绿化有机融合 Organic integration of modular fine paving and greening in highland parks 

▼高地公园随处可坐的“共情”休憩空间 The “empathy(Gongqing) ”rest space where you can sit anywhere in Highland Park

 

在高地和绿谷之间，也即是理性和自由之间的过渡空间则大胆地“涂抹”绿坡，用自由的大体块“梭形”坡地的渗透介入来模糊两者的差异，自然景观成为了建筑最好的背景，将原本单调、生硬的建筑边界揉搓得生动柔和。文化场馆既保持着内在的结构秩序，又呈现出高地与绿谷、景观与建筑有机缝合，和谐共生的空间关系。

Between the highland and the green valley, that is, the transitional space between rationality and freedom, boldly “paint” the green slope, and use the infiltration of a free mass of “shuttle-shaped” slope land to blur the difference between the two, the natural landscape has become the best background for architecture, rubbing the original monotonous and blunt architectural boundaries into vivid and soft. The cultural venues not only maintain the internal structural order, but also present a harmonious and coexisting spatial relationship between highland and green valley, as well as the landscape and architecture.

 

▼绿谷“梭形”休憩空间 “Spindle” Rest Space of the Green Valley

▼绿谷充满生命力的观赏草植物景观 Full of vitality ornamental grass plant landscape of the Green Valley

▼绿谷自由形态的坡地景观 Free-form slope landscape of Green Valley

▼绿谷稳定的常绿植物景观与坐凳结合效果 Green Valley’s stable evergreen plant landscape combined with benches

 

景观角色 Landscape role

在文化中心的景观设计中，始终需要面对的问题就是如何看待这些独特的文化建筑，以及如何处理建筑和景观的关系。在E.K.迈耶的一篇随笔中，他对景观建筑学中普遍存在而又有害的二元性思维模式做了一个有启发性的批评。迈耶认为：“景观建筑学是一个混合行为，不能把二元性的两方面作为对立的情况来简单的描述”。他认为建筑和景观、文化和自然这些二元的形式是过时的看法，它们在本世纪已经最大限度地影响了人们对景观建筑学的兴趣以及对其重要性的认识。文化中心的景观角色首先定位于对建筑主体地位的认同，其次得益于迈耶对景观“混合行为”的论述。景观要避免突显自我，绝不是通过咄咄逼人的景观元素，创造一个独立于建筑的“震撼”效果，这种“震撼”本质上就是一种二元性的效果。

In the landscape design of the cultural center, the problem that always needs to be faced is how to treat these unique cultural buildings and how to deal with the relationship between architecture and landscape. In an essay by E.K. Meyer, he made an enlightening criticism of the ubiquitous and harmful dualistic thinking mode in landscape architecture. Meyer believes, “Landscape architecture is a mixed behavior, and the two aspects of duality cannot be simply described as opposing situations.” He believes that the dual forms of architecture and landscape, culture and nature are outdated views, and they have greatly influenced people’s interest in landscape architecture and the recognition of its importance in this century. The landscape role of the cultural center is first positioned in the recognition of the main status of the building, and secondly, it benefits from Meyer’s discussion of the “mixed behavior” of the landscape. The landscape should avoid protruding oneself, by no means use aggressive landscape elements to create a “shock” effect independent of the architecture. This “shock” is essentially a duality effect.

 

▼高地公园“前场”景观 The “Front Field” Landscape of the Highland Park

 

文化中心景观试图尝试介入“轻柔”的，且具有生命力的自然景观来化解基地及建筑彼此间的“矛盾”，通过绿化、坡地、树阵、台地等朴素的景观元素来整合区域内的场地与竖向，使得庞大的人工建筑环境通过自然元素的渗透和融合得以消解。这种介入方式看起来有点“平淡”，但经过精细的细节处理，产生了一种开放空间尺度层次相宜，动静功能组合相得益彰，自然和人工交替可持续的景观环境，似乎高标准的创造了景观与建筑 “和谐共生”的理想场所。

The cultural center landscape attempts to intervene in the “soft” and vital natural landscape to resolve the “contradictions” between the base and the building, and integrate the site and the area in the area through simple landscape elements such as greening, slopes, tree arrays, and terraces. By doing this, the huge artificial building environment can be eliminated through the penetration and integration of natural elements. This kind of intervention seems a bit “plain”, but after fine detail processing, an open space is produced with a suitable scale and level. The dynamic and static function combination complements each other. The natural and artificial alternate sustainable landscape environment seems to create an ideal place for “harmonious symbiosis” of landscape and architecture with high standards.

 

▼有机融合的建筑次入口景观 Organically integrated architectural secondary entrance landscape

▼绿谷群艺馆前开敞的景观空间 The open landscape space in front of the Green Valley Art Exhibition Hall

▼场馆建筑附属庭院景观 Venue building attached courtyard landscape

 

北入口与南入口 North entrance and south entrance

由于济宁市主城区位于文化中心基地的北面，北入口不仅承接着大量的人流，也是展现文化中心景观的门户。景观布局中将北入口设置于运河路与圣贤路的交汇处，人流沿运河路往南或从圣贤路往东都能够便捷的进入文化中心。从北入口往高地公园设置了一组“L”型大台阶，这个大台阶可以视作北入口往东的延续，从西面拾级而上的大台阶合理地解决了高地公园北轴“拐头”的收头问题。同时大台阶北部坡度较大，将“折型”的无障碍坡道和窄边台阶、绿化、消防通道等结合起来，不仅丰富了交通流线，也满足驻足而坐的休闲功能，竖向高差也得到了合理过渡。为避免大台阶和平台过于“生硬”，景观在大台阶中下部还置入了一块规则的大草坪以及文化中心的LOGO标识弧墙，这极大地增强了视觉导向，丰富了空间体验。

Since the main city of Jining is located to the north of the cultural center base, the north entrance not only carries a large number of people, but is also a gateway to the cultural center landscape. In the landscape layout, the north entrance is set at the intersection of Yunhe Road and Shengxian Road. People can easily enter the cultural center along the Yunhe Road to the south or east from Shengxian Road. A set of “L”-shaped large steps are set up from the north entrance to the highland park. This large step can be regarded as a continuation of the north entrance to the east. The large steps up from the west can reasonably solve the problem of the north axis of the highland park. “The ending question. At the same time, the northern slope of the large steps is relatively large. The “fold-shaped” barrier-free ramp and narrow side steps, greening, and fire-fighting channels are combined, which not only enriches the traffic flow, but also satisfies the leisure function of stopping and sitting. The difference also got a reasonable transition. In order to avoid the large steps and platforms from being too “stiff”, a regular large lawn and the LOGO arc wall of the cultural center are placed in the middle and lower parts of the large steps, which greatly enhances the visual orientation and enriches the spatial experience.

 

▼承接大量人流的北入口广场与大台阶 The north entrance plaza and large steps that carry a large number of people

▼城市多功能的北入口广场 Multifunctional north entrance plaza of the city

 

▼北入口大台阶与弧形LOGO墙 Large steps at the north entrance and curved LOGO wall

▼北入口大台阶与无障碍坡道组合景观效果 The combined landscape effect of the large steps at the north entrance and the barrier-free ramp

 

南入口是连接高地公园和南面美术馆、雕塑公园的重要节点，主要由大台阶、景观步行桥、消防坡道组成。游客可通过台阶便捷地从高地公园进入美术馆或雕塑公园，也可以从景观步行桥缓缓进入，步行桥桥面离地较高，是欣赏雕塑公园美景和美术馆荷状起伏屋顶的最佳“观景平台”。

The south entrance is an important node connecting the Highland Park with the South Art Museum and Sculpture Park. It is mainly composed of large steps, landscape pedestrian bridges, and fire ramps. Visitors can easily enter the art gallery or sculpture park from the highland park through the steps, or slowly enter from the landscape pedestrian bridge. The pedestrian bridge is higher than the ground, which is the best way to enjoy the beautiful scenery of the sculpture park and the lotus-shaped roof of the museum “Viewing platform”.

 

▼与博物馆建筑形态相呼应的主入口广场 The main entrance plaza that echoes the architectural form of the museum

▼耐久的自由形态整石坐凳 Durable free-form whole stone stool

 

台地上的中轴 Bottom axis on the platform

由于高地公园的面积较大，东、西两翼商业建筑和文化场馆并列布置，这些建筑在高地上均设有人行主要或多重的出入口，因此高地公园是人流如织的交汇客厅。景观从交通可达性以及建筑功能的角度出发，沿南北向设置了一条11.2米宽的景观中轴，和中轴垂直的是种植模数统一的行列式绿化带。主导方向的中轴串联起各个建筑前的主入口广场，而垂直方向的行列式绿化带则可以将人流渗透到高地的角角落落，这样不仅合理地解决了人流动线问题，同时也兼顾到消防通道和消防登高面的设置。中轴两侧种植有双排林荫法桐，结合两侧的榉树树阵，轴线更显“仪式感”。礼仪的中轴、凸显建筑的入口广场、各自成组的雨洪花园，这些高地上各成一景的空间划分十分明确、理性，但功能和形态又是丰富和紧凑的，同时“旷”的广场与“奥”的雨洪花园，也顺理成章地形成了高地景观 “开、合”的空间序列。

Due to the large area of ​​the Highland Park, the east and west wings of the commercial buildings and cultural venues are arranged side by side. These buildings have main or multiple entrances and exits on the highlands. Therefore, the Highland Park is a living room where people flow like weaving. From the perspective of traffic accessibility and architectural functions, the landscape has a central axis of 11.2 meters wide along the north-south direction, and perpendicular to the central axis is a row-like green belt with uniform planting modules. The central axis of the dominant direction connects the main entrance plaza in front of each building in series, and the vertical row of green belts can penetrate the flow of people to the corners of the high ground, which not only reasonably solves the problem of the flow of people, but also takes into account The setting of fire escape and fire climbing surface. On both sides of the central axis are planted double rows of tree-shaded paulownia, combined with the beech tree array on both sides, the axis is more “ritual”. The central axis of etiquette, the entrance square that highlights the building, and the rainwater gardens in groups. The space divisions on these high grounds are very clear and rational, but the functions and forms are rich and compact, and at the same time “open” squares. The rainwater garden with ” plentiful” also naturally formed a spatial sequence of “opening and closing” of the highland landscape.

 

▼与博物馆建筑形态相呼应的规则园景观 The regular garden landscape that echoes the architectural form of the museum

▼高地公园中轴林荫法桐树阵景观 Platanus orientalis linn tree array in Highland Park

▼现状保留乔木与补植绿化相融合 Combination of existing trees and replanting greening

 

扩展的人行道 Extended sidewalk

基地西侧运河路是南北向城市主干道，沿着这条主干道可以画卷般呈现气势如虹的场馆建筑及其景观环境。景观设计注意到一般标准设置的人行道只能解决单一的人行交通功能，不能为市民提供观赏“画卷”的驻足场所。因此运河路人行道被拓展至绿谷的边缘，以开敞、视线通透的硬质景观为主，打开了从运河路沿线欣赏文化中心西面风景的宽阔视野。同时人行道的“边缘”借助流线型的台阶和竖向设计，将绿谷的洼地特征进一步表现的淋漓尽致。

The Canal Road on the west side of the site is the main road to the north-south city. Along this main road, you can show the imposing stadium buildings and landscape environment like a rainbow. The landscape design noticed that the sidewalk set by the general standard can only solve a single pedestrian traffic function, and cannot provide a place for citizens to stop and watch the “picture scroll”. Therefore, the sidewalk of the Canal Road is extended to the edge of the Green Valley, which is dominated by an open and transparent hard landscape, which opens up a broad view of the west side of the cultural center from along the Canal Road. At the same time, the “edge” of the sidewalk uses streamlined steps and vertical design to further express the characteristics of the depression of the Green Valley.

 

▼从扩展的人行道欣赏绿谷景观与场馆建筑美景 Admire the green valley landscape and the beautiful scenery of the stadium buildings from the extended sidewalk

▼凸显场馆建筑的“下沉式”景观及自由形态园路 Highlighting the “sinking” landscape and free-form park roads of the stadium buildings

▼绿谷大尺度木制座凳与园路 Large-scale wooden bench and garden road in the Green Valley

▼园路景观 The secluded garden road landscape

 

场馆入口及交通 Venue entrance and traffic

济宁文化中心场馆建筑都具备主次入口，以及多用途、多竖向的支入口，这是公共建筑普遍的特点。景观不仅关注于协调好建筑各个入口的衔接处理，也注重游客活动行为的开展。因此在主要出入口处都布置了较大面积的广场或场地来疏散大人流，并通过适当的造景来创造有活力的多功能城市“前场”空间。而小入口则注重空间的归属感，提供安静、休闲、舒适的“后场”氛围。

The venue buildings of Jining Cultural Center have primary and secondary entrances, as well as multi-purpose and multi-vertical branch entrances, which are common features of public buildings. The landscape not only focuses on coordinating the connection processing of the various entrances of the building, but also focuses on the development of tourist activities. Therefore, large squares or venues are arranged at the main entrances and exits to evacuate the flow of large crowds, and appropriate landscaping is used to create a vibrant multifunctional urban “front court” space. The small entrance focuses on the sense of belonging of the space, providing a quiet, casual and comfortable “backcourt” atmosphere.

 

▼庞大的交通体系与竖向 The huge traffic system and vertical direction around the building

 

基地内实现人车分流，地面主要以步行交通为主，所有车辆均通过高地公园南北车行入口进入停车库。游客可以从停车库直接进入场馆，又或者通过下沉花园或庭院进入高地和绿谷。

Pedestrians and vehicles are separated in the base. The ground is mainly pedestrian traffic. All vehicles enter the parking garage through the entrance of the north-south carriageway of the Highland Park. Visitors can enter the venue directly from the parking garage, or enter the high ground and green valley through the sunken garden or courtyard.

 

▼开敞的场馆主入口与安静的场馆次入口景观 Views of the open main entrance of the venue and the quiet secondary entrance of the venue

 

沿圣贤路和运河路设置了少量室外机动车停车场，并配备了出租车候车区和自行车停车区。基地内不设置标准的机动车道，为了满足建筑消防、管理等需求，景观进行了非标的车行道设计，通过自由形态的组织，将车行道和消防登高面等要求巧妙地演绎在园路、广场、硬质场地中，最终形成一体化的景观效果。同时借助非标的车道体系，绿谷开辟了VIP车行流线，从运河路可以快捷的到达各个场馆建筑主入口，并在入口处灵活配备了VIP临时停车位。

A small number of outdoor motor vehicle parking lots are set up along Shengxian Road and Canal Road, as well as taxi waiting areas and bicycle parking areas. There is no standard motor vehicle lane in the base. In order to meet the needs of building fire protection and management, non-standard roadway design is carried out in the landscape. Through free-form organization, the requirements of the roadway and fire climbing surface are ingeniously interpreted in the park road. , Squares, and hard grounds, eventually forming an integrated landscape effect. At the same time, with the help of a non-standard lane system, Green Valley has opened up a VIP vehicle flow line, which can quickly reach the main entrance of each stadium building from the Canal Road, and is flexibly equipped with VIP temporary parking spaces at the entrance.

 

▼场馆建筑“缝隙”间衔接不同标高的立体交通空间 The dimensional traffic space of different elevations is connected between the“gap”of the stadium building

 

海绵城市 Sponge city

本项目响应国家海绵城市建设的要求，结合济宁市的降雨量、景观条件等因素，通过雨洪花园、自然的坡地、下沉绿地、柔性透水沥青、生态树池、植草沟等海绵城市工程型措施，对雨水进行渗透、收集（含分流）、过滤、储存、释放（使用），来构建海绵城市-低影响开发雨水系统。通过自然和人工等方式，以尽量控制场地内全年降水（75%以上）不外排为设计原则。

This project responds to the requirements of the national sponge city construction, combined with factors such as rainfall and landscape conditions in Jining City, through rainwater gardens, natural slopes, sinking green spaces, flexible permeable asphalt, ecological tree ponds, planting ditch and other sponge city engineering types Measures to infiltrate, collect (including diversion), filter, store, and release (use) rainwater to build a sponge city-low-impact development rainwater system. Through natural and artificial methods, the design principle is to control the annual precipitation (over 75%) in the site as far as possible.

 

▼规则而富有变化的雨洪花园景观 Regular and varied rainwater garden landscape

 

自然坡地 Natural slope

高地公园与绿谷之间竖向有6米高差，利用这个高差形成的自然坡地是雨水和地表径流对土壤渗透的最佳场所，大面积可渗透的生态自然坡地将景观和生态、环保完美地结合起来。 自然坡地主要分布在场馆建筑的南北“间隙”中，这样一方面区隔了各个独立的场馆，为场馆分别建立了自然“缓冲区”；另一方面绿坡和建筑交错，就仿佛一幅“青山郭外斜”的山水城市画卷。坡地地形大部分采取土丘自然放坡，在个别坡地较陡处通过隐形植草格固坡。由于土坡体积较大，在土丘的基础部分采用了局部空腔结构和分层土壤夯实技术。空腔结构紧靠场馆建筑边界布置，内部空间较大，不仅可以进行空间再利用，将影响美观的配套管理用房、设备用房（如水处理、地源热泵）等置入其中，同时也消除了覆土荷载侧推力对场馆建筑结构的影响。

There is a vertical height difference of 6 meters between the Highland Park and the Green Valley. The natural slope formed by this height difference is the best place for rainwater and surface runoff to infiltrate the soil. The large area of permeable ecological natural slope will improve the landscape, ecology and environmental protection. Perfectly combined. Natural slopes are mainly distributed in the “gap” between the north and the south of the stadium building. On the one hand, the independent stadiums are separated and a natural “buffer” is established for the stadiums; The landscape and city picture of “Qingshan Guo oblique”. Most of the sloping terrain adopts natural sloping of mounds, and invisible grasses are used to stabilize the slopes at the steeper parts of individual slopes. Due to the large volume of the soil slope, a local cavity structure and layered soil compaction technology are used in the foundation part of the soil mound. The cavity structure is arranged close to the building boundary of the stadium, and the internal space is large. It can not only reuse the space, but also put in the aesthetic-affecting supporting management rooms and equipment rooms (such as water treatment, ground source heat pump), etc. The influence of the lateral thrust of the covering soil load on the building structure of the stadium.

 

▼自然坡地景观与空间利用-坡地下设置景观配套用房 Natural sloping land landscape and space utilization-setting up landscape supporting houses under the slope

▼绿谷群艺馆边唯美的微坡地形景观 The beautiful hillside terrain beside the Green Valley Art Exhibition Hall

▼有倒影的镜面水池与自然坡地景观 Mirrored pool with reflection and natural slope landscape

 

雨洪花园 Rainwater Garden

高地公园景观面积为33000平方米，共设有五处雨洪花园（面积约16300平方米），用于收集来自广场、场地、屋顶的雨水。雨洪花园通过生态工程的技术手段，全面实施了海绵城市“渗、滞、蓄、净、用、排”的六字方针。

The highland park has a landscape area of 33,000 square meters, and there are five rainwater gardens (about 16,300 square meters) for collecting rainwater from the square, site, and roof. Yuhong Garden has fully implemented the six-character policy of “seepage, retention, storage, purification, use, and drainage” of the sponge city through the technical means of ecological engineering.

 

▼海绵城市技术措施分布 Technical Measures Distribution of the Sponge City

 

广阔的高地公园进行了全方位的雨水排水分区，大面积场地通过多段竖向放坡，在纵向坡底用隐形排水沟将地表雨水导入雨洪花园中。雨洪花园作为雨水滞留入渗区，土壤构造中设置有过滤涵养砂石层和上下双层盲管，上层盲管用于在土壤中释放收集来的地表水，下层盲管用于搜集经过沙滤层过滤后多余的雨水。同时在雨洪花园设置了8个地下蓄水模块（可蓄水417立方米），用于储存雨洪花园过滤后的多余雨水，以供后期的绿化浇灌使用。

The expansive highland park has carried out a full range of rainwater drainage zoning. A large area of the site is placed through multiple vertical slopes, and invisible drainage ditches at the bottom of the longitudinal slope are used to direct surface rainwater into the rainwater garden. The rainwater garden is used as a rainwater retention and infiltration zone. The soil structure is equipped with a filtering and conserving sand and gravel layer and upper and lower double blind pipes. The upper blind pipe is used to release the collected surface water in the soil, and the lower blind pipe is used to collect the sand filter layer. Excess rainwater after filtering. At the same time, 8 underground water storage modules (which can store 417 cubic meters of water) are set up in the rainwater garden to store the excess rainwater filtered by the rainwater garden for later green watering.

 

▼雨洪花园-体系构成 Rainwater Garden -System Composition

为保证植被的良好生长。整个雨洪花园建筑结构降板1.5至2米，以满足大乔木种植覆土厚度的要求。为保证雨洪花园良好的渗水性，雨洪花园区域的地表场地结构板统一通过2.8米模数间距的立柱落在负2米的建筑结构梁板上。这样雨洪花园内的土壤是相通的，不仅便于植物根系生长，也使得雨洪花园通过整体性来保证城市海绵的实用性。为保证雨洪花园硬质铺装的透水性，结构板根据铺装模数纵向留缝5厘米，对应石材铺装纵向留缝1厘米，这样进一步解决了硬质场地上雨水下渗的问题。

To ensure the good growth of vegetation. The entire Yuhong Garden building structure drops 1.5 to 2 meters in order to meet the requirements of the thickness of soil covering for large trees. In order to ensure the good water permeability of the Yuhong Garden, the ground surface structural slabs in the Yuhong Garden area are uniformly dropped on the building structural beams of minus 2 meters through the columns with a modular spacing of 2.8 meters. In this way, the soil in the rainwater garden is connected, which not only facilitates the growth of plant roots, but also enables the rainwater garden to ensure the practicability of urban sponges through integrity. In order to ensure the water permeability of the hard pavement of the rainwater garden, the structural panel has 5 cm longitudinal seams according to the paving modulus, and 1 cm longitudinal seams corresponding to the stone pavement, which further solves the problem of rainwater seepage on the hard ground.

 

▼雨洪花园鸟瞰及剖面 Rainwater Garden -Aerial view and profile

▼雨洪花园-不会阻断植物根系自由生长的支撑体系 Rainwater Garden -A supporting system that does not block the free growth of plant roots

生态植草沟 Ecological planting ditch

绿谷作为洼地是文化中心地势最低的地方，场地铺装全部采用柔性的透水沥青，高低起伏的整体塑形路面更有利于排水和渗水。同时在最低洼处布置了一条600米长，2米宽，0.5米深的植草沟，用以汇集全绿谷的雨水。植草沟可蓄水600 立方米，沟内雨水饱和后，可通过溢水井排入市政雨水管网系统，以达到“慢排缓释”的目的。植草沟种植了多样性的湿生植物，丰富了景观层次和效果。

As a depression, Green Valley is the lowest place in the cultural center. The pavement of the site is all made of flexible permeable asphalt. The undulating overall shape of the road is more conducive to drainage and water seepage. At the same time, a 600-meter-long, 2-meter-wide, and 0.5-meter-deep grass ditch was arranged at the lowest depression to collect rainwater from the entire green valley. The planting ditch can store 600 cubic meters of water. After the rainwater in the ditch is saturated, it can be discharged into the municipal rainwater pipe network system through the overflow well to achieve the purpose of “slow discharge and slow release”. Zhicaogou is planted with diverse wet plants, which enriches the landscape level and effect.

 

▼收集雨水的生态植草沟鸟瞰与剖面 Aerial view and section of an ecological planting ditch that collects rainwater

 

▼收集雨水的生态植草沟细部效果 The detailed effect of the ecological grass ditch collecting rainwater

 

生态树池 Ecological tree pond

生态树池是对传统树池的填料进行改造，使之具有蓄存雨水、污染物去除等功能的设施。本项目树池均采用生态绿化种植树池，鼓励雨水渗透，也相应降低了投资成本。

The ecological tree pond is a facility that transforms the filler of the traditional tree pond so that it can store rainwater and remove pollutants. The tree ponds of this project adopt ecological greening planting tree ponds to encourage rainwater infiltration and correspondingly reduce investment costs.

 

▼可透水的生态树池与生态停车位 Permeable ecological tree pond and ecological parking space

 

景观用水 Water for landscape using

本项目绿化采用自动喷灌和滴灌相组合的浇灌系统，以减少人工维护和用水量，并且水源均采用收集的雨水（当雨水不足时，可切换城市中水系统）。由于景观水景对水质要求较高，因此在坡地下空腔结构中设置了水处理用房，用设备进行物理处理。这样不仅水质能得到保证，水资源也可以重复利用。

The greening of this project adopts a watering system that combines automatic sprinkler irrigation and drip irrigation to reduce manual maintenance and water consumption, and the water source uses collected rainwater (when rainwater is insufficient, the urban reclaimed water system can be switched). As the landscape waterscape requires high water quality, a water treatment room is set up in the slope underground cavity structure, and equipment is used for physical treatment. In this way, not only water quality can be guaranteed, but water resources can also be reused.

 

▼图书馆主入口前水池景观 The water feature in front of  the library in Green Valley

▼可坐人的水池甬道 The pool corridor for people to sit on

▼场地及园路通过精细化的竖向控制与水池景观融为一体 The site and park road are integrated with the pool landscape through refined vertical control

▼镜面水池细部处理 Detail treatment of mirror pool

▼水中漂浮的石材文化雕刻与直流喷泉 Stone cultural carvings floating in water and DC fountain

 

结语 Conclusion

济宁文化中心一期景观在深刻解读规划结构、建筑特点的基础之上，实施了各具特色的高地公园、绿谷的景观塑造，并通过整体的竖向设计，全面完整地重构了建筑的在地关系。同时用海绵城市的理念，将生态工程技术融入到景观设计当中，使得该项目无论对空间结构、交通体系、环境氛围、生态持续等景观自身理念的多元兼顾，还是在景观和这些“唯一性”的世界级建筑之间的空间融合等方面都取得了合谐共生，有机缝合的整体关系。

On the basis of a profound interpretation of the planning structure and architectural characteristics, the landscape of Jining Cultural Center Phase I implemented the landscape modeling of distinctive highland parks and green valleys, and through the overall vertical design, the building was completely reconstructed. Local relations. At the same time, the concept of sponge city is used to integrate ecological engineering technology into the landscape design, so that the project will not only take into account the diversity of the landscape itself such as spatial structure, transportation system, environmental atmosphere, and ecological sustainability, but also in the landscape and these “uniqueness”. The space fusion between the world-class buildings in China has achieved an overall relationship of “harmonious symbiosis, organically stitching”.

 

▼文化中心总平面图 General layout of the Cultural Center

▼文化中心一期景观平面图 Conception of Landscape Design for Cultural Center

 

 

项目名称：济宁文化中心一期景观设计
设计方：LDG兰斯凯普
设计时间：2015年8月
完成年份：2019年5月
主创设计师：刘立立、何深华
设计团队：王文娟、黄睿霖、汪芳芳、肖佳君、何凤、黄应杰、吕万斌、石晶晶、吴亚宁、肖佳丽、程岑、肖滔、孔令军、戴奇宇、杨炳仁、黄彬辉、蔡崇林、唐菊敏、杨冬梅
项目地址：济宁市太白湖新区
项目面积：17公顷（一期）
摄影版权：LDG/熊世宝、肖滔、何深华
施工方：上海山水青园林建设有限公司
客户：济宁市城投文化旅游产业有限公司/济宁市城乡规划局
主要材料：天然石材、透水沥青、防腐木、金属、玻璃

合作方：
规划及群艺馆设计：天津市城市规划设计研究院，德阁建筑设计咨询(北京)有限公司
图书馆设计：何镜堂建筑创作研究院，华南理工大学建筑设计研究院
博物馆设计：马里奥•博塔建筑事务所，上海复旦规划设计研究院有限公司
美术馆设计：西泽立卫建筑事务所，华东建筑设计研究院有限公司
商业办公综合体设计：美国LLA建筑设计事务所，华东建筑设计研究总院
市政管网设计：济宁市规划设计研究院

Project Name: Landscape of Jining Cultural Center Phase I
Design Company: LDG Lansikaipu
Design Time: August 2015
Completion: May 2019
Chief Designers: Liu Lili, He Shenhua
Design Team: Wang Wenjuan, Huang Ruilin, Wang Fangfang, Xiao Jiajun, He Feng, Huang Yingjie, Lv Wanbin, Shi Jingjing, Wu Yaning, Xiao Jiali, Cheng Cen, Xiao Tao, Kong Lijun, Dai Qiyu, Yang Bingren, Huang Binhui, Cai Chonglin, Tang Jumin, Yang Dongmei
Location: Taibai Lake New Area, Jining City, Shandong Province, China
Project Area: 17ha (phase I)
Photo Credit: LDG / Xiong Shibao, Xiao Tao, He Shenhua
Construction: Shanghai Shanshuiqing Landscape Construction Co., Ltd
Client: Jining City Investment Cultural Tourism Industry Co., Ltd. / Jining Urban and Rural Planning Bureau
Main Materials: Natural stone, Permeable asphalt, Preservative-treated timber, Metal, Glass

Partner:
Planning and Art Exhibition Hall Design: Tianjin Institute of Urban Planning and Design, RSAA Architectural Design Consulting (Beijing) Co., Ltd
Library Design: He Jingtang Architectural Creation Research Institute, Architectural Design Research Institute of SCUT
Museum Design: Mario Botta Architects, Fudan Planning and Architectural Design Institut
Gallery Design: Office of Ryue Nishizawa, East China Architectural Design and Institute (ECADI)
Commercial Complex Design: LLA Architects (USA), East China Architectural Design and Institute (ECADI)
Municipal Pipe Network Design: Jining Planning and Design Institute

 

更多 Read more about: LDG兰斯凯普